Meat-powder.



J. G. GROTKASS & K. SGHIRM. MEAT POWDER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23, 1909.

1,005,539. 7 Patented Oct. 10,1911.

Witnesses Inventors.

26 serious lonev heretofore.

, STATES PATENT orrrcn.

-JOH A.NNES GUSTAV GROTKASS, OF BREMEN, KARL SCHIRM, OF LEIPZIG- PLAGWITZ, GERMANY.

MEAT-POWDER.

To all wlwm it may concern:

c it known that we, J OHANNES GUSTAV GRo'rKAss, a subject of the King of Prussia,

residing at 82 Georgstrasse, Bremen, Germany, and KARL SCHIRM, a subject of the King of Saxony,.residing at 48 Nau'mburgerstrasse, Leipzig-Plagwitz, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Meat-Powder; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full,

'clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanyv 16 ing drawings, and to letters or figures of reference markedthereon, which form. a part of this specification.

The subject-matter. of our invention is an improved process offobtaining stable meat-' 20 powder from ofial. o I

The question of working up and utilizing carcasses, confiscated meat from slaughterhouses, fish and like animal offal was a very This fact 1 occ'asioned the Deutsche Landwirtschaftsges'ells 'schaft .to endeavor to solve the question by a series of competitions in the years1893,

. 1895, 1897 and 1906 for devices for utilizing 80 or destroying such substances. In a treatise by Dr. M. Holfmann, Berlin: Appam'te and Transportwagen am" Verwertzmg cmcl Beseitz'gtmg 'von Tierlcadaoem (Berlin 1907, Deutsche Landwirtsc haftliche Gesellschaft,

carcasses, fish and like animal I printed as manuscript) these competitions are discussed. The described'systems for realizing the value of carcasses proposed I working up the carcasses into meat-powders which are to be used as manure and food- 4 stuffs. Meat-powder was made heretofore b the material being treated directly or indlrectly. with steam in closed apparatus,-

whereby it was sterilized and the fat par tially extracted. The.q.material was then 1 dried in the same or other apparatus. Such processes have various disadvantages. For

example, when treating the starting ma- .terial with steam much glutinousliquid is obtained; this must either be conducted 0 away as waste water, which is to be rejected from' a hygienic standpoint, or it must be unec'onomically inspissated in the evaporating apparatus, then added again to. the carcass material and be dried again with this. A further great disadvantage, how-.

ever, is that the fat is only partially separated by the steaming; the meat-powder thus obtained consequently contains much fat. As follows from the above mentioned publication of the Deutsche Landwirtschaftsgesellschaft it still contains 12 to20% of fat. Therefore the meat-powder readily becomes rancid, is not edible, and consequently unfit for feeding purposes. It has already been attempted to subject meat-powder obtained in such a manner, and also fish-powder for example, subsequently to a process for removing fat; this subsequent treatr'nentjs expensive and also not recommendable because the material su-flers under the double treatment and loses in value.

Now according to our process it is possible to remove the fat fromand simultaneously to dry. fresh, nondisintegrated carcasses, fish and other fresh animal offal in one single operation and to work it up in :this manner'to sterilized dry, stable. meatpowder from which the fat is removed, but which contains all the other constituents, such as glue, gluten-like substances, of the starting material. This is done by subjecting the material in suitable manner to the action ofbenzin and benzin vapors or similar solvents and their vapors. Both the working up of entire carcasses in my apparatus, in one single operation, and the employment of benzin which boils with difficulty (i. e. which shows a comparatively high boiling point) or the vapors of the same for the purpose of drying and removing the ,fat from entire carcasses inone single operation is absolutely new.

It is well-known to treat bones and the like with benzin or similar solvents, and this process has been used heretofore almost exclusively in Working up bones and the glue industry. But thebenzin treatment in the manner well-known heretofore cannot, however, be applied to'entire carcasses or even to somewhat large'parts of the same. Namely, whereas porous and disintegrated bones readily admit of the passage of liquid and gaseous benzin, in the case of meat and similar materialbenzin isoperative only on the surface. 'It does not penetrate into the material. Therefore it hasv heretofore been possible to sterilize, remove fat from, and

.dry only finely disintegrated parts ofmeat,

fish-powder and meat-powder,-by means of benzin and similar solvents; all attempts to treat whole carcasses, on the contrary, even by means of other solvents have been unsuccessful. With alcohol, for example, a product which it is true was well dried, but from which the fat was badly removed has been obtained. V

7 Now it hasbeen found that the surface of a carcass treated with benzin vapors or the like, in so far as the vapors have exercised an influence on it, can be readily scraped off, and then a dry meat-powder free from fat is obtained. This observation has led in our process to continuously or intermittently moving the carcass material in suitable manner, e. g. by means of a stirrer, during the benzin treatment, so that by the reciprocal friction of the individual bodies against one another the meat-powder formed on the surface of the body under the fat=removing and sterilizing action ofv is practically prevented (which represents an essential advantage) since the drying of the glutinous liquid is connected with certain difficulties preventing the production of a powdery or crumbly mass, and, secondly a dry, sterile meat-powder prod uct which is as free as possible from particles of bone and fat is obtained.

For carrying our process into practice we preferably use an extraction plant such as is represented in elevation and partly in section by way of example in the accompanying drawing.

Referring to the drawing, the carcasses are put into the extractor A, having a stirrer R, whereupon its inlet A is hermeti cally sealed. By means of a pipe or conduit B benzin is now conducted from the benzin tank B into the vaporizer V, from which it enters in the form of vapor into the extractor and there partially condenses and dissolves the fat on the surface of the carcasses. The excess of vapor is used for heating the carcass material and for vaporizing the water in the same. The aqueous and benzin vapors pass through a pipe C to the condenser G, are condensed, and the liquid is conducted to a separator W. The water is here separated from thebenzin, the benzin flows back to the benzin tank B and can be supplied again to the vaporizer. In order to sterilize the carcass completely and to disintegrate the meat more rapidly, the meat is placed under benzin pressure from time to time, in order to obtain a sufficiently high pressure for the fat-solvent and a rapid evaporation of the moisture of the superficial parts, and to conduct away the aqueous vapor rapidly. Care must, however, always be taken that the operation takes place substantially in a flowing vapor of the fat-solvent and that glue is not formed. For producing this pressure more rapidly the extractor is provided with a steam-heated jacket A.

When the apparatus works the sti er R is driven, and the material is attacke in the manner described above by the benzin vapors. The water is gradually entirely removedfrom the carcass material, the fat is entirely extracted and the meat is more and more disintegrated,'so that at the end of the process only dr meat-powder free from fat mixed with ones is in the extractor. The solution of fat which forms during the extraction is continuously conducted through a pipe F to the fat-distiller F. This fat is liberated from the benzin by heating the solution by means of a heating-coil, and the benzin still adhering to the meat-powder is entirely driven out by blowing in live steam, so that all the benzin is obtained in the benzin plant after the completed operation.

Our process, which provides a perfectly.

new method of working up, carcasses, is of exceptional importance both economically and practically. Owing to there being no putrefying' glutinous liquids in the perfectly sterilized waste water which is produced in only small quantities, our process denotes progress which is not to be underestimated in hygienic and sanitary respects.

and quality of the product obtained, our processyields results which excel by far those of all processes known heretofore.- Whereas formerly a yield of 1820% meatpowder and 8 10% fat was obtained, the same are now increased to 25% meat-powder and 129;% fat. In addition, the meat-powder made according to our new process is of excellent quality.-

As follows from the following analysis, by Professor Kelmer, Mockern, of the meatpowder obtained according to our new process: 12.24% water, 13.82% ash, 2.58%

fat, 70.05% protein, 65.35% protein soluble -On the other hand, both as regards yield and simultaneously subjecting the material 'to friction.

3. The herein described process of obtaining stable meat powder poor in fat and rich in nutrients from meat, fish and the like, which comprises stirring the materialvin a suitable container and subjecting it to friction and simultaneously subjecting the material to flowing benzin vapor and intermittently subjecting the material to benzin vapor under pressure.

4. The herein described process of obtaining stable meat powder poor in fat and rich in nutrients from meat, fish and the like, which comprises .moving or stirring the material in a suitable container to subject it to friction and to the action of a current of flowing vapor of a fat solvent while temporarily heating the material.

5. The herein described process ofobtaining stable meat powder poor in fat and rich in nutrients from-carcasses, fish, and like animal offal, which comprises simultaneously subjecting the same to the action of acurrent of heated vapors of a fat solvent and to friction so as to remove the dried and degreased parts in the form of a disintegrated fine mass from the surface of the animal bodies and pieces to be treated thus ofiering fresh surfaces to the simultaneous action of the ,current of heated vapors of the fat solvent and to friction, and removing the .dissolved fat.

6. The herein described process of obtaining stable meat powder poor in fat and rich in nutrients from carcasses, vfish and like animal offal, which comprises simultaneously subjecting the same to the action of a current of heated vapors of a fat solvent and I 1 to friction so as to remove the dried'and degreased parts in the form of a disintegrated fine mass from the surface of the animal bodies and pieces being treated, thus offering fresh surfaces to the simultaneous action of the current of heated vapors 'of the fat 1 solvent and to friction, and removing the dissolved fat, temporarily increasing the pressure of the vaporduring the operation and after disintegration subjecting the prodnot to the action of live steam.

7. The herein described process of obtaining stable meat powder poor in fat and richin nutrients from meat, fish and the like as our invention, we have signed ournames in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

J. GUSTAV GROTKASS.

' KARL SCH'IRM. Witnesses:

Emu. C. DAN ENBERG, WOLDEMAR HAUPT. 

